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LKG · Balvatika 2 · ages 4–5

LKG syllabus: what children learn, term by term

By March, a typical LKG child writes Aa–Zz and numbers 1–50, reads simple 3-letter words and knows number names one to ten. Here is how most CBSE and English-medium schools get there, term by term, with a checklist and free ways to practise at home.

Check your child's LKG skills (free, 5 min)LKG worksheets

The LKG year, term by term

The Indian school year runs April to March. Each term builds on the one before, with revision along the way.

  1. Term 1: Apr–Jun

    Letters
    Strokes, then Aa–Hh: write with sounds
    Words
    Letter to picture
    Numbers
    Write 1–10, count and match
    Comparing
    Big and small, tall and short
    Shapes
    Circle, square
    Thinking
    Match, odd one out

  2. Term 2: Jul–Sep

    Letters
    Ii–Rr
    Words
    First sound of a picture
    Numbers
    Write 11–30, missing numbers
    Comparing
    Heavy and light, more and less
    Shapes
    Triangle, rectangle
    Thinking
    Sorting into groups

  3. Term 3: Oct–Dec

    Letters
    Ss–Zz, capital and small letter matching
    Words
    Two-letter words: at, in, on
    Numbers
    Write 31–40; before, after, between to 20; count back from 10
    Number names
    one to five
    Comparing and shapes
    Full and empty, thick and thin; oval, semicircle
    Thinking
    Patterns, mazes

  4. Term 4: Jan–Mar

    Letters
    Vowels and first sounds
    Words
    3-letter words with a and e (cat, hen), rhyming words
    Numbers
    Write 41–50; before, after, between to 50; count back from 20; bigger number
    Number names
    six to ten
    Comparing and shapes
    Inside and outside, above and below; diamond, heart, star
    Thinking
    Put 4 pictures in order of size

End of LKG checklist

What most children can do by the end of LKG. It's fine to be still practising some: children grow at different speeds.

Pencil control and writing

  • Traces small letters a to z

Letters and sounds

  • Matches big and little letters
  • Puts letters in ABC order
  • Hears the first sound of a word
  • Matches letters to pictures that start with them
  • Knows the vowels a, e, i, o and u
  • Hears rhyming words

Numbers

  • Finds one more and one less, up to 10
  • Says which number comes next, up to 10
  • Knows the numbers 11 to 20
  • Finds the number before, after and between, up to 20
  • Counts back from 20
  • Knows numbers up to 50
  • Adds two groups of things, up to 5
  • Takes away and counts what's left, within 5
  • Knows the ₹1, ₹2, ₹5 and ₹10 coins

Thinking and memory

  • Tells day from night and puts a day in order
  • Remembers bigger sets and spots what's missing

Shapes, colours and sizes

  • Knows ovals, semicircles, stars and hearts
  • Finds the heavier and lighter thing on a scale
  • Measures length with blocks and puts things in order by length

Reading

  • Retells a story in order and says why things happened
  • Reads two-letter words (at, in, on, up) and the first sight words
  • Tells one from many: apple and apples

Me and the world around me

  • Says how others feel and what can help
  • Knows healthy habits and how to stay safe on the road
  • Names the parts of a plant and how a seed grows
  • Sorts land, water and air transport and knows the traffic lights
  • Knows community helpers and their tools
  • Tells healthy food from junk food and keeps clean

Also taught in LKG, best practised on paper: writing small letters on four lines, number names one to ten. The weekly LKG worksheets cover these.

Practise at home

Free LKG level check

About 5 minutes of spoken rounds. You see what your child can do and what to practise. No sign-up.

Weekly LKG worksheets

A new set every Monday that follows this term, with your child's name on every page. One sheet free each week.

Games with LKG levels

Questions parents ask

What is LKG called now?

NCERT's curriculum for ages 3 to 8 (NCF-FS 2022) calls the three pre-school years Balvatika 1, 2 and 3. LKG is Balvatika 2. Schools also call it KG 1 or Junior KG.

What age is LKG?

Most children are 4–5 years old in LKG. The school year runs from April to March.

Does every school teach the same LKG syllabus?

No. This is what most of the 28 school syllabi we read have in common, and schools put the topics in a different order. Some schools go further in LKG: numbers 51–100, adding one-digit numbers with pictures, 3-letter words with all five vowels.

How can I tell if my child is on track for LKG?

Try the free 5-minute level check: your child plays a few spoken rounds, and you see which LKG skills they can already do and what to practise. No sign-up.

How we made this list

We read the published Nursery, LKG and UKG syllabi of 28 schools across India (DPS, Army Public Schools, Atomic Energy schools, DAV, Sunbeam and others, 2024 to 2027) and kept what most of them teach each term, on top of NCERT's foundational-stage guidance (NCF-FS 2022). The same list decides what our LKG worksheets, games and report card cover.